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Kapitan (rank)
: ''This article describes Kapitan as military rank, not to confuse with the title Kapitan. For the ''equivalent'' OF-2 rank in Anglophone armed forces see Captain, and in Germany see Hauptmann.
''Kapitan'' (derived from (フランス語:capitaine); before Latin: ''capitaneus'' – (military)leader, count, or chairman of a parish council; or from Latin: ''caput'' – head, main, chief, primary, principal, general, central, leading, etc.) is used manifold as rank, grade, or rank designation in the Army, Air Force or Navy of numerous countries and armed forces. In member countries of NATO-alliance ''Kapitan'' is a commissioned officer rank, rated OF-2 in line to the NATO officers rank system. The almost ''equivalent'' OF-2 officer, e.g. in the US Army, is the Captain rank.
== Historical roots ==
''Kapitan'' (appointment, later rank) was used first in the middle age in France in order to designate leaders of the military districts or regions. In the second half of the 16th century it came in use to specify commanding officers of company sized units. In 19th century it became gradually a military rank, and was used in combination with other noun, e.g. ''Stabs-kapitan'' (army) ''Kapitan-leytenant'' (naval forces). The rank designation ''Kapitan'' contains a common syllable and historical roots in a number of European countries at the one hand. Slight national variations of spelling are for the sake of the historical and heraldic tradition, at the other hand.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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